关键词:
马克思精神生活观
数字时代
劳动转型
摘要:
马克思精神生活观具有重要的理论价值,它以深刻的洞察力剖析了资本主义社会中劳动异化等现象,强调物质生活和生产方式对精神生活的制约,其价值追求指向共产主义社会中人的自由发展。本文主要基于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》探讨该精神生活观映照下数字时代劳动转型及异化消解问题。数字时代劳动样态呈现多样化、劳动者潜能激发及劳动产品归属改变等特点,这既催生也体现劳动者对劳动价值和劳动本质的重新思考,凸显劳动者主体意识的觉醒,一定程度上消解劳动异化。劳动转型从劳动样态、潜能经验及产品归属等方面验证了马克思精神生产与精神生活理论辩证统一。同时,数字劳动转型通过自我劳动意识觉醒、自我存在意义确证及精神追求升华分别缓解劳动产品与劳动者、劳动行为以及人的类本质与人的异化,推动劳动向自由自觉的类本质回归,助力实现物质与精神共同富裕及人自由而全面的发展。Marx’s concept of spiritual life has an important theoretical value, which analyzes phenomena such as labor alienation in capitalist society with profound insight, emphasizes the constraints of material life and mode of production on spiritual life, and its pursuit of value points to the free development of all people in communist society. Based on the “1844 Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts”, this paper discusses the transformation of labor and dissolution of alienation in the digital era in light of this spiritual life view. The diversification of labor patterns, the stimulation of workers’ potentials, and the change in the attribution of labor products in the digital era have both given rise to and reflected workers’ rethinking of the value and nature of labor, highlighting the awakening of workers’ subjective consciousness and, to a certain extent, dissolving the alienation of labor. The transformation of labor verifies the dialectical unity of Marx’s theory of spiritual production and spiritual life in terms of labor pattern, potential experience, and product attribution. At the same time, through the awakening of self-consciousness of labor, the confirmation of the meaning of self-existence, and the sublimation of spiritual pursuit, digital labor transformation alleviates the alienation of labor products and laborers, labor behaviors, human nature, and human beings. It promotes the return of labor to the free and conscious nature of human beings, thus helping to realize the common prosperity of both material and spiritual, as well as the free and comprehensive development of human beings.